工作倫理與職業道德01 工作倫理與職業道德（3／4） English / 中文

在公司內部行使商務禮儀的過程，主要以參與者在公司中的何種條件來訂定順序？

What criteria primarily determine the order of participants in the process of exercising business etiquette within a company?

1. ① 年齡 age
2. ② 性別 gender
3. ③ 社會地位 social status
4. ④ 職位 position

一位職場新鮮人剛進公司時，良好的工作態度是

What is the appropriate work attitude for a newcomer just entering a company?

1. ① 多觀察、多學習，了解企業文化和價值觀 observe and learn more, understand the corporate culture and values
2. ② 多打聽哪一個部門比較輕鬆，升遷機會較多 find out which department is more relaxed and has more promotion opportunities
3. ③ 多探聽哪一個公司在找人，隨時準備跳槽走人 inquire about which companies are hiring and be ready to switch jobs anytime
4. ④ 多遊走各部門認識同事，建立自己的小圈圈 network across departments to meet colleagues and build your own small circle

根據消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約(CEDAW)，下列何者正確？

Which of the following is correct according to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)?

1. ① 對婦女的歧視指基於性別而作的任何區別、排斥或限制 discrimination against women refers to any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex
2. ② 只關心女性在政治方面的人權和基本自由 it only concerns women's human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political sphere
3. ③ 未要求政府需消除個人或企業對女性的歧視 it doesn't require governments to eliminate discrimination against women by individuals or enterprises
4. ④ 傳統習俗應予保護及傳承，即使含有歧視女性的部分，也不可以改變 traditional customs should be preserved and passed on, even if they contain elements that discriminate against women and cannot be changed

某規範明定地政機關進用女性測量助理名額，不得超過該機關測量助理名額總數二分之一，根據消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約(CEDAW)，下列何者正確？

A certain regulation stipulates that the number of female survey assistants employed by land administration authorities shall not exceed half of the total number of survey assistants at the authority. Which of the following is correct according to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)?

1. ① 限制女性測量助理人數比例，屬於直接歧視 limiting the proportion of female survey assistants constitutes direct discrimination
2. ② 土地測量經常在戶外工作，基於保護女性所作的限制，不屬性別歧視 restricting female survey assistants based on the outdoor nature of land surveying, for protective reasons, does not constitute gender discrimination
3. ③ 此項二分之一規定是為促進男女比例平衡 the 50% rule is aimed at promoting gender balance
4. ④ 此限制是為確保機關業務順暢推動，並未歧視女性 this restriction is intended to ensure smooth operations of the authority and does not discriminate against women

根據消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約(CEDAW)之間接歧視意涵，下列何者錯誤？

Which of the following is incorrect according to the concept of indirect discrimination under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)?

1. ① 一項法律、政策、方案或措施表面上對男性和女性無任何歧視，但實際上卻產生歧視女性的效果 a law, policy, program, or measure that appears non-discriminatory towards men and women on the surface but actually results in discriminatory effects against women
2. ② 察覺間接歧視的一個方法，是善加利用性別統計與性別分析 one method of detecting indirect discrimination is the effective use of gender statistics and gender analysis
3. ③ 如果未正視歧視之結構和歷史模式，及忽略男女權力關係之不平等，可能使現有不平等狀況更為惡化 if the structural and historical patterns of discrimination are not addressed, and if the unequal power relations between men and women are ignored, existing inequalities may worsen
4. ④ 不論在任何情況下，只要以相同方式對待男性和女性，就能避免間接歧視之產生 treating men and women in the same way under all circumstances can prevent the occurrence of indirect discrimination

下列何者不是菸害防制法之立法目的？

Which of the following is not a legislative purpose of the Tobacco Hazard Prevention Act?

1. ① 防制菸害 prevent tobacco harm
2. ② 保護未成年免於菸害 protect minors from tobacco harm
3. ③ 保護孕婦免於菸害 protect pregnant women from tobacco harm
4. ④ 促進菸品的使用 promote tobacco use

按菸害防制法規定，在禁菸場所吸菸會被罰多少錢？

How much is the fine for smoking in non-smoking areas according to the Tobacco Hazards Prevention Act?

1. ① 新臺幣 2 千元至 1萬元罰鍰 a fine of NT$2,000 to NT$10,000
2. ② 新臺幣 1 千元至 5 千元罰鍰 a fine of NT$1,000 to NT$5,000
3. ③ 新臺幣 1 萬元至 5 萬元罰鍰 a fine of NT$10,000 to NT$50,000
4. ④ 新臺幣 2 萬元至 10 萬元罰鍰 a fine of NT$20,000 to NT$100,000

請問下列何者不是個人資料保護法所定義的個人資料？

Which of the following is not defined as personal data under the Personal Data Protection Act?

1. ① 身分證號碼 ID number
2. ② 最高學歷 highest education level
3. ③ 職稱 job title
4. ④ 護照號碼 passport number

有關專利權的敘述，下列何者正確？

Which of the following statements about patent rights is correct?

1. ① 專利有規定保護年限，當某商品、技術的專利保護年限屆滿，任何人皆可免費運用該項專利 patents have a defined protection period, and when the patent protection period for a product or technology expires, anyone can use the patent for free
2. ② 我發明了某項商品，卻被他人率先申請專利權，我仍可主張擁有這項商品的專利權 if I invented a product but someone else applied for the patent first, I can still claim patent rights for the product
3. ③ 製造方法可以申請新型專利權 manufacturing methods can be applied for as new patents
4. ④ 在本國申請專利之商品進軍國外，不需向他國申請專利權 a product patented in the home country does not need to be patented in other countries when going abroad

下列何者行為會有侵害著作權的問題？

Which of the following actions could involve copyright infringement?

1. ① 將報導事件事實的新聞文字轉貼於自己的社群網站 reposting news text reporting factual events on one's own social media
2. ② 直接轉貼高普考考古題在 FACEBOOK directly reposting Civil Service Examination past papers on Facebook
3. ③ 以分享網址的方式轉貼資訊分享於社群網站 sharing information by reposting URL links on social media
4. ④ 將講師的授課內容錄音，複製多份分贈友人 recording a lecturer's content, making multiple copies, and distributing them to friends

有關著作權之概念，下列何者正確？

Which of the following statements about copyright is correct?

1. ① 國外學者之著作，可受我國著作權法的保護 works by foreign scholars can be protected by our country's copyright law
2. ② 公務機關所函頒之公文，受我國著作權法的保護 official documents issued by government agencies are protected by our country's copyright law
3. ③ 著作權要待向智慧財產權申請通過後才可主張 copyright only applies after an application for intellectual property rights is approved
4. ④ 以傳達事實之新聞報導的語文著作，依然受著作權之保障 language works conveying factual news reports are still protected by copyright

某廠商之商標在我國已經獲准註冊，請問若希望將商品行銷販賣到國外，請問是否需在當地申請註冊才能主張商標權？

A company has registered its trademark in our country. Is it necessary to apply for trademark registration in the local country to claim trademark rights if it wishes to market and sell its products abroad?

1. ① 是，因為商標權註冊採取屬地保護原則 Yes, because trademark registration follows the principle of territorial protection
2. ② 否，因為我國申請註冊之商標權在國外也會受到承認 No, because trademarks registered in our country will also be recognized abroad
3. ③ 不一定，需視我國是否與商品希望行銷販賣的國家訂有相互商標承認之協定 not necessarily; it depends on whether our country has a mutual trademark recognition agreement with the country where the products are to be marketed
4. ④ 不一定，需視商品希望行銷販賣的國家是否為 WTO 會員國 not necessarily; it depends on whether the country where the products are to be marketed is a WTO member

下列何者不屬於營業秘密？

Which of the following is not considered a trade secret?

1. ① 具廣告性質的不動產交易底價 advertised bottom price for real estate transactions
2. ② 須授權取得之產品設計或開發流程圖示 product design or development flowcharts that require authorization
3. ③ 公司內部管制的各種計畫方案 various internal control plans of a company
4. ④ 不是公開可查知的客戶名單分析資料 non-public customer list analysis data

營業秘密可分為「技術機密」與「商業機密」，下列何者屬於「商業機密」？

Trade secrets can be categorized into "technical secrets" and "business secrets." Which of the following is a "business secret"?

1. ① 程式 software programs
2. ② 設計圖 design drawings
3. ③ 商業策略 business strategies
4. ④ 生產製程 production processes

某甲在公務機關擔任首長，其弟弟乙是某協會的理事長，乙為舉辦協會活動，決定向甲服務的機關申請經費補助，下列有關利益衝突迴避之敘述，何者正確？

Mr. A is a head of a government agency, and his brother, Mr. B, is the chairman of an association. To hold an event, Mr. B decides to apply for funding from the agency where Mr. A works. Which of the following statements regarding conflict of interest avoidance is correct?

1. ① 協會是舉辦慈善活動，甲認為是好事，所以指示機關承辦人補助活動經費 since the association is hosting a charitable event, Mr. A thinks it is a good thing and instructs the agency staff to provide funding for the event
2. ② 機關未經公開公平方式，私下直接對協會補助活動經費新臺幣 10 萬元 the agency privately provides a subsidy of NT$100,000 to the association without an open and fair process
3. ③ 甲應自行迴避該案審查，避免瓜田李下，防止利益衝突 Mr. A should recuse himself from reviewing the case to avoid suspicion and prevent conflicts of interest
4. ④ 乙為順利取得補助，應該隱瞞是機關首長甲之弟弟的身分 to obtain funding smoothly, Mr. B should conceal the fact that he is the brother of Mr. A, the head of the agency

依公職人員利益衝突迴避法規定，公職人員甲與其小舅子乙（二親等以內的關係人）間，下列何種行為不違反該法？

Which of the following actions between Mr. A (a public servant) and his brother-in-law Mr. B (a relative within the second degree of kinship) does not violate the law according to the Public Servants' Conflict of Interest Prevention Act?

1. ① 甲要求受其監督之機關聘用小舅子乙 Mr. A requests the agency he supervises to hire his brother-in-law Mr. B
2. ② 小舅子乙以請託關說之方式，請求甲之服務機關通過其名下農地變更使用申請案 Mr. B uses lobbying to request the agency where Mr. A works to approve a land-use change application for farmland under his name
3. ③ 關係人乙經政府採購法公開招標程序，並主動在投標文件表明與甲的身分關係，取得甲服務機關之年度採購標案 Mr. B obtains a procurement contract from the institution where Mr. A works through a public bidding process and voluntarily discloses his relationship with Mr. A in the bidding documents
4. ④ 甲、乙兩人均自認為人公正，處事坦蕩，任何往來都是清者自清，不需擔心任何問題 both Mr. A and Mr. B believe that they are fair and upright individuals, and thus they do not need to worry about any problems arising from their interactions

大雄擔任公司部門主管，代表公司向公務機關投標，為使公司順利取得標案，可以向公務機關的採購人員為以下何種行為？

Daxiong serves as a department manager in a company and represents the company in bidding for a government contract. Which of the following actions can he take towards the procurement personnel of the government agency to ensure the company successfully secures the bid?

1. ① 為社交禮俗需要，贈送價值昂貴的名牌手錶作為見面禮 giving an expensive branded watch as a gift for social etiquette purposes
2. ② 為與公務機關間有良好互動，招待至有女陪侍場所飲宴 entertaining at a venue with female attendants to foster good interaction with the government agency
3. ③ 為了解招標文件內容，提出招標文件疑義並請說明 raising questions about the bid documents to clarify the content
4. ④ 為避免報價錯誤，要求提供底價作為參考 asking for the base price to avoid quoting errors

下列關於政府採購人員之敘述，何者未違反相關規定？

Which of the following actions by a government procurement officer does not violate relevant regulations?

1. ① 非主動向廠商求取，是偶發地收到廠商致贈價值在新臺幣 500 元以下之廣告物、促銷品、紀念品 occasionally receiving advertisements, promotional items, or souvenirs worth less than NT$500 from a vendor without actively soliciting them
2. ② 要求廠商提供與採購無關之額外服務 requesting additional services unrelated to the procurement from a vendor
3. ③ 利用職務關係向廠商借貸 borrowing money from a vendor using one's official position
4. ④ 利用職務關係媒介親友至廠商處所任職 using one's official position to recommend relatives or friends for employment with a vendor

下列敘述何者錯誤？

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. ① 憲法保障言論自由，但散布假新聞、假消息仍須面對法律責任 the constitution protects freedom of speech, but spreading fake news or misinformation still carries legal responsibility
2. ② 在網路或 Line 社群網站收到假訊息，可以敘明案情並附加截圖檔，向法務部調查局檢舉 when receiving fake information online or on Line social networks, you can report it to the Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau with a detailed description and screenshots
3. ③ 對新聞媒體報導有意見，向國家通訊傳播委員會申訴 if you have opinions about news media reports, you can file a complaint with the National Communications Commission
4. ④ 自己或他人捏造、扭曲、竄改或虛構的訊息，只要一小部分能證明是真的，就不會構成假訊息 if you or others fabricate, distort, alter, or invent information, a small portion that is true will not constitute false information

下列敘述何者正確？

Which of the following statements is correct?

1. ① 公務機關委託的代檢（代驗）業者，不是公務員，不會觸犯到刑法的罪責 an outsourced inspection (verification) service provider commissioned by a government agency is not a public official and thus not subject to criminal liability
2. ② 賄賂或不正利益，只限於法定貨幣，給予網路遊戲幣沒有違法的問題 bribes or improper benefits are limited to legal currency, so providing online game currency does not constitute a violation
3. ③ 在靠北公務員社群網站，覺得可受公評且匿名發文，就可以謾罵公務機關對特定案件的檢查情形 posting anonymous criticisms of a government agency's inspection of a specific case on a public forum, believing it to be fair comment, allows for the use of abusive language
4. ④ 受公務機關委託辦理案件，除履行採購契約應辦事項外，對於蒐集到的個人資料，也要遵守相關保護及保密規定 when entrusted by a government agency to handle a case, one must protect and keep confidential any personal information collected, in addition to fulfilling contractual obligations

有關促進參與及預防貪腐的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

Which of the following statements about promoting participation and preventing corruption is incorrect?

1. ① 我國非聯合國會員國，無須落實聯合國反貪腐公約規定 our country is not a UN member and does not need to implement the UN Anti-Corruption Convention regulations
2. ② 推動政府部門以外之個人及團體積極參與預防和打擊貪腐 encourage individuals and groups outside the government to actively participate in preventing and combating corruption
3. ③ 提高決策過程之透明度，並促進公眾在決策過程中發揮作用 increase transparency in decision-making processes and encourage public involvement in decision-making
4. ④ 對公職人員訂定執行公務之行為守則或標準 set standards or codes of conduct for public officials' performance of duties

為建立良好之公司治理制度，公司內部宜納入何種檢舉人制度？

What kind of whistleblower system should be implemented within a company to establish a good corporate governance system?

1. ① 告訴乃論制度 "Complaint-based prosecution" system
2. ② 吹哨者（whistleblower）保護程序及保護制度 Whistleblower protection program and protection system
3. ③ 不告不理制度 "No complaint, no action" system
4. ④ 非告訴乃論制度 Non-complaint-based prosecution system

有關公司訂定誠信經營守則時，下列何者錯誤？

Which of the following statements about the formulation of business integrity management regulations by a company is incorrect?

1. ① 避免與涉有不誠信行為者進行交易 avoid transactions with those involved in dishonest behavior
2. ② 防範侵害營業秘密、商標權、專利權、著作權及其他智慧財產權 prevent infringement of trade secrets, trademark rights, patent rights, copyright, and other intellectual property rights
3. ③ 建立有效之會計制度及內部控制制度 establish effective accounting and internal control systems
4. ④ 防範檢舉 prevent whistleblowing

乘坐轎車時，如有司機駕駛，按照國際乘車禮儀，以司機的方位來看，首位應為

Where is the most important seat from the driver's perspective when riding in a car with a driver according to international etiquette?

1. ① 後排右側 rear right seat
2. ② 前座右側 front right seat
3. ③ 後排左側 rear left seat
4. ④ 後排中間 rear center seat

今天好友突然來電，想來個「說走就走的旅行」，因此，無法去上班，下列何者作法不適當？

If a friend suddenly calls and wants to go on a spontaneous trip, making it impossible for you to go to work. Which of the following actions is inappropriate?

1. ① 發送 E-MAIL 給主管與人事部門，並收到回覆 sending an email to your supervisor and the HR department and receiving a reply
2. ② 什麼都無需做，等公司打電話來確認後，再告知即可 doing nothing and waiting for the company to call to confirm, then informing them
3. ③ 用 LINE 傳訊息給主管，並確認讀取且有回覆 sending a message to your supervisor via LINE, ensuring it is read and acknowledged
4. ④ 打電話給主管與人事部門請假 calling your supervisor and the HR department to request leave

每天下班回家後，就懶得再出門去買菜，利用上班時間瀏覽線上購物網站，發現有很多限時搶購的便宜商品，還能在下班前就可以送到公司，下班順便帶回家，省掉好多時間，下列何者最適當？

After work, you are too lazy to go out to buy groceries and find many limited-time bargain items on an online shopping site during work hours. They can be delivered to the company before you leave work, so you can take them home with you. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ① 可以，又沒離開工作崗位，且能節省時間 it's okay, as long as you don't leave your work position and save time
2. ② 可以，還能介紹同事一同團購，省更多的錢，增進同事情誼 it's okay, you can also introduce colleagues to join the group purchase, save more money, and enhance camaraderie
3. ③ 不可以，應該把商品寄回家，不是公司 it's not okay, you should have the items delivered to your home, not to the company
4. ④ 不可以，上班不能從事個人私務，應該等下班後再網路購物 it's not okay, you should not engage in personal business during work hours and should wait until after work to shop online

宜樺家中養了一隻貓，由於最近生病，獸醫師建議要有人一直陪牠，這樣會恢復快一點，辦公室雖然禁止攜帶寵物，但因為上班家裡無人陪伴，所以準備帶牠到辦公室一起上班，下列何者最適當？

Yihua has a cat at home that has been ill recently. The veterinarian suggested having someone around to keep it company for faster recovery. Although pets are not allowed in the office, Yihua plans to bring the cat to work because no one is home to accompany it. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ① 可以，只要我放在寵物箱，不要影響工作即可 it's okay, as long as the cat is kept in a pet carrier and does not affect work
2. ② 可以，同事們都答應也不反對 it's okay, as long as colleagues agree and do not object
3. ③ 可以，雖然貓會發出聲音，大小便有異味，只要處理好不影響工作即可 it's okay, even though the cat might make noise and have odor issues, as long as it doesn't affect work
4. ④ 不可以，可以送至專門機構照護或請專人照顧，以免影響工作 it's not okay; the cat should be sent to a specialized facility or cared for by a professional to avoid affecting work

根據性別平等工作法，下列何者非屬職場性騷擾？

Which of the following is not considered workplace sexual harassment according to the Gender Equality in Employment Act?

1. ① 公司員工執行職務時，客戶對其講黃色笑話，該員工感覺被冒犯 a client makes a lewd joke to an employee while the employee is performing their duties, and the employee feels offended
2. ② 雇主對求職者要求交往，作為僱用與否之交換條件 an employer asks a job seeker to date them in exchange for employment
3. ③ 公司員工執行職務時，遭到同事以「女人就是沒大腦」性別歧視用語加以辱罵，該員工感覺其人格尊嚴受損 an employee is insulted with gender-discriminatory remarks, such as "women have no brains," by a colleague while performing their duties, causing the employee to feel their dignity is harmed
4. ④ 公司員工下班後搭乘捷運，在捷運上遭到其他乘客偷拍 an employee is secretly photographed by another passenger while taking the MRT after work

根據性別平等工作法，下列何者非屬職場性別歧視？

Which of the following is not considered workplace gender discrimination according to the Gender Equality in Employment Act?

1. ① 雇主考量男性賺錢養家之社會期待，提供男性高於女性之薪資 an employer offers higher salaries to male employees than female employees, considering societal expectations that men are breadwinners
2. ② 雇主考量女性以家庭為重之社會期待，裁員時優先資遣女性 an employer prioritizes laying off female employees during a downsizing, considering societal expectations that women prioritize family
3. ③ 雇主事先與員工約定倘其有懷孕之情事，必須離職 an employer pre-arranges that employees must resign if they become pregnant
4. ④ 有未滿 2 歲子女之男性員工，也可申請每日六十分鐘的哺乳時間 male employees with children under the age of two can also apply for 60 minutes of breastfeeding time each day

根據性別平等工作法，有關雇主防治性騷擾之責任與罰則，下列何者錯誤？

Which of the following statements about the employer's responsibilities and penalties for preventing sexual harassment is incorrect according to the Gender Equality Work Act?

1. ① 僱用受僱者 30 人以上者，應訂定性騷擾防治措施、申訴及懲戒規範 employers with 30 or more employees must establish sexual harassment prevention measures, complaint, and disciplinary regulations
2. ② 雇主知悉性騷擾發生時，應採取立即有效之糾正及補救措施 employers must take immediate and effective corrective and remedial measures upon learning of sexual harassment
3. ③ 雇主違反應訂定性騷擾防治措施之規定時，處以罰鍰即可，不用公布其姓名 employers who violate the requirement to establish sexual harassment prevention measures are subject to fines without needing to disclose their names
4. ④ 雇主違反應訂定性騷擾申訴管道者，應限期令其改善，屆期未改善者，應按次處罰 employers who violate the requirement to establish sexual harassment complaint channels should be given a deadline to improve; if not improved by the deadline, they should be fined accordingly