環境保護03 環境保護（2／4） English / 中文

可藉由下列何者改善河川水質且兼具提供動植物良好棲地環境？

Which of the following can improve river water quality while also providing a good habitat for plants and animals?

1. ① 運動公園 sports park
2. ② 人工溼地 artificial wetland
3. ③ 滯洪池 flood retention basin
4. ④ 水庫 reservoir

台灣自來水之水源主要取自

Where does Taiwan's tap water primarily come from?

1. ① 海洋的水 water from the ocean
2. ② 河川或水庫的水 water from rivers or reservoirs
3. ③ 綠洲的水 water from oases
4. ④ 灌溉渠道的水 water from irrigation canals

目前市面清潔劑均會強調「無磷」，是因為含磷的清潔劑使用後，若廢水排至河川或湖泊等水域會造成什麼影響？

Currently, cleaning agents on the market emphasize being phosphate-free. What impact do cleaning agents containing phosphates have when their wastewater is discharged into rivers or lakes?

1. ① 綠牡蠣 green mussels
2. ② 優養化 eutrophication
3. ③ 秘雕魚 mottled fish
4. ④ 烏腳病 blackfoot disease

冰箱在廢棄回收時應特別注意哪一項物質，以避免逸散至大氣中造成臭氧層的破壞？

Which substance must be handled carefully to prevent it from escaping into the atmosphere and damaging the ozone layer when discarding and recycling refrigerators?

1. ① 冷媒 refrigerant
2. ② 甲醛 formaldehyde
3. ③ 汞 mercury
4. ④ 苯 benzene

下列何者不是噪音的危害所造成的現象？

Which of the following is not a phenomenon caused by the harmful effects of noise?

1. ① 精神很集中 high concentration
2. ② 煩躁、失眠 irritation, insomnia
3. ③ 緊張、焦慮 tension, anxiety
4. ④ 工作效率低落 low work efficiency

我國移動污染源空氣污染防制費的徵收機制為何？

What is the mechanism for collecting air pollution control fees for mobile pollution sources in our country?

1. ① 依車輛里程數計費 charged based on vehicle mileage
2. ② 隨油品銷售徵收 collected with fuel sales
3. ③ 依牌照徵收 collected based on license plates
4. ④ 依照排氣量徵收 collected based on engine displacement

室內裝潢時，若不謹慎選擇建材，將會逸散出氣狀污染物。其中會刺激皮膚、眼、鼻和呼吸道，也是致癌物質，可能為下列哪一種污染物？

During interior decoration, if building materials are not carefully selected, they may release gaseous pollutants. Which pollutant, known to irritate the skin, eyes, nose, and respiratory tract and is also a carcinogen, might be involved?

1. ① 臭氧 ozone
2. ② 甲醛 formaldehyde
3. ③ 氟氯碳化合物 chlorofluorocarbons
4. ④ 二氧化碳 carbon dioxide

高速公路旁常見農田違法焚燒稻草，其產生下列何種汙染物除了對人體健康造成不良影響外，亦會造成濃煙影響行車安全？

It is common to see illegal burning of rice straw in farmlands near highways. Which not only adversely affects human health but also produces dense smoke that impacts driving safety among the following pollutants?

1. ① 懸浮微粒 particulate matter
2. ② 二氧化碳(CO₂) carbon dioxide (CO2)
3. ③ 臭氧(O₃) ozone (O3)
4. ④ 沼氣 methane

都市中常產生的「熱島效應」會造成何種影響？

What impact does the "urban heat island effect" commonly have in cities?

1. ① 增加降雨 increased rainfall
2. ② 空氣污染物不易擴散 air pollutants are not easily dispersed
3. ③ 空氣污染物易擴散 air pollutants are easily dispersed
4. ④ 溫度降低 decreased temperature

下列何者不是藉由蚊蟲傳染的疾病？

Which of the following is not a disease transmitted by mosquitoes?

1. ① 日本腦炎 Japanese encephalitis
2. ② 瘧疾 malaria
3. ③ 登革熱 dengue fever
4. ④ 痢疾 dysentery

下列何者非屬資源回收分類項目中「廢紙類」的回收物？

Which of the following is not a recyclable item under the "paper waste" category in resource recycling?

1. ① 報紙 newspapers
2. ② 雜誌 magazines
3. ③ 紙袋 paper bags
4. ④ 用過的衛生紙 used tissue paper

下列何者對飲用瓶裝水之形容是正確的？A.飲用後之寶特瓶容器為地球增加了一個廢棄物；B.運送瓶裝水時卡車會排放空氣污染物；C.瓶裝水一定比經煮沸之自來水安全衛生？

Which of the following descriptions of bottled drinking water is correct? A. The plastic bottle container after consumption adds waste to the Earth. B. Trucks transporting bottled water emit air pollutants. C. Bottled water is always safer and more sanitary than boiled tap water.

1. ① AB AB
2. ② BC BC
3. ③ AC AC
4. ④ ABC ABC

下列哪一項是我們在家中常見的環境衛生用藥？

Which of the following is a common environmental hygiene product found at home?

1. ① 體香劑 deodorant
2. ② 殺蟲劑 insecticide
3. ③ 洗滌劑 detergent
4. ④ 乾燥劑 desiccant

下列何者為公告應回收的廢棄物？A.廢鋁箔包、B.廢紙容器、C.寶特瓶

Which of the following are officially listed as recyclable waste? A. Waste aluminum foil packages B. Waste paper containers C. PET bottles

1. ① ABC ABC
2. ② AC AC
3. ③ BC BC
4. ④ C C

小明拿到「垃圾強制分類」的宣導海報，標語寫著「分 3 類，好 OK」，標語中的分 3 類是指家戶日常生活中產生的垃圾可以區分哪三類？

When Xiao Ming received a promotional poster for "mandatory waste sorting," the slogan read "Sort into 3 categories, and everything is OK." What are the three categories of household waste referred to in the slogan?

1. ① 資源垃圾、廚餘、事業廢棄物 recyclable waste, food waste, industrial waste
2. ② 資源垃圾、一般廢棄物、事業廢棄物 recyclable waste, general waste, industrial waste
3. ③ 一般廢棄物、事業廢棄物、放射性廢棄物 general waste, industrial waste, radioactive waste
4. ④ 資源垃圾、廚餘、一般垃圾 recyclable waste, food waste, general waste

台灣西部海岸曾發生的綠牡蠣事件是與下列何種物質污染水體有關？

What type of substance pollution in the water was associated with the green mussel incident on Taiwan's western coast?

1. ① 汞 mercury
2. ② 銅 copper
3. ③ 磷 phosphorus
4. ④ 鎘 cadmium

在生物鏈越上端的物種其體內累積持久性有機污染物(POPs)濃度將越高，危害性也將越大，這是說明 POPs 具有下列何種特性？

What characteristic of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) does the phenomenon illustrate, where species higher up in the food chain accumulate greater concentrations of POPs in their bodies, resulting in increased harmful effects?

1. ① 持久性 persistence
2. ② 半揮發性 semi-volatility
3. ③ 高毒性 high toxicity
4. ④ 生物累積性 bioaccumulation

有關小黑蚊的敘述，下列何者為非？

Which statement is incorrect regarding sandflies?

1. ① 活動時間以中午十二點到下午三點為活動高峰期 their peak activity time is from noon to 3 p.m
2. ② 小黑蚊的幼蟲以腐植質、青苔和藻類為食 sandfly larvae feed on humus, moss, and algae
3. ③ 無論雄性或雌性皆會吸食哺乳類動物血液 both male and female sandflies feed on mammalian blood
4. ④ 多存在竹林、灌木叢、雜草叢、果園等邊緣地帶等處 they are mostly found in edges of bamboo forests, shrubs, weeds, and orchards

利用垃圾焚化廠處理垃圾的最主要優點為何？

What is the primary advantage of using garbage incineration plants to process waste?

1. ① 減少處理後的垃圾體積 reduce the volume of garbage after processing
2. ② 去除垃圾中所有毒物 remove all toxins from the garbage
3. ③ 減少空氣污染 reduce air pollution
4. ④ 減少處理垃圾的程序 reduce garbage disposal procedures

利用豬隻的排泄物當燃料發電，是屬於下列哪一種能源？

Which type of energy does using pig manure as fuel belong to?

1. ① 地熱能 geothermal energy
2. ② 太陽能 solar energy
3. ③ 生質能 biomass energy
4. ④ 核能 nuclear energy

每個人日常生活皆會產生垃圾，有關處理垃圾的觀念與方式，下列何者不正確？

Garbage is generated in everyone's daily life. Which of the following is incorrect regarding the concept and methods of garbage disposal?

1. ① 垃圾分類，使資源回收再利用 sorting garbage enables resource recycling and reuse
2. ② 所有垃圾皆掩埋處理，垃圾將會自然分解 all garbage is buried, and it will naturally decompose
3. ③ 廚餘回收堆肥後製成肥料 kitchen waste can be composted into fertilizer
4. ④ 可燃性垃圾經焚化燃燒可有效減少垃圾體積 combustible garbage can be incinerated to effectively reduce volume

防治蚊蟲最好的方法是

What is the best method for controlling mosquitoes?

1. ① 使用殺蟲劑 use insecticides
2. ② 清除孳生源 eliminate breeding sources
3. ③ 網子捕捉 catch them with nets
4. ④ 拍打 swatting

室內裝修業者承攬裝修工程，工程中所產生的廢棄物應該如何處理？

How should interior decoration contractors handle waste generated during renovation projects?

1. ① 委託合法清除機構清運 entrust legal disposal agencies for removal
2. ② 倒在偏遠山坡地 dump it on remote hillsides
3. ③ 河岸邊掩埋 bury it along riverbanks
4. ④ 交給清潔隊垃圾車 give it to garbage collection trucks

若使用後的廢電池未經回收，直接廢棄所含重金屬物質曝露於環境中可能產生哪些影響？A.地下水污染、B.對人體產生中毒等不良作用、C.對生物產生重金屬累積及濃縮作用、D.造成優養化

What impacts might occur when heavy metal substances from used batteries are directly discarded into the environment without recycling? A. Groundwater pollution B. Producing toxic and harmful effects on human body C. Accumulation and concentration of heavy metals in biological systems D. Causing eutrophication

1. ① ABC ABC
2. ② ABCD ABCD
3. ③ ACD ACD
4. ④ BCD BCD

哪一種家庭廢棄物可用來作為製造肥皂的主要原料？

Which type of household waste can be used as a primary ingredient for making soap?

1. ① 食醋 vinegar
2. ② 果皮 fruit peels
3. ③ 回鍋油 used cooking oil
4. ④ 熟廚餘 cooked food waste

臺灣地狹人稠，垃圾處理一直是不易解決的問題，下列何種是較佳的因應對策？

Given Taiwan's limited land and high population density, where waste disposal has always been a challenging issue. What is a better response strategy?

1. ① 垃圾分類資源回收 garbage sorting and resource recycling
2. ② 蓋焚化廠 build incineration plants
3. ③ 運至國外處理 ship it abroad for processing
4. ④ 向海爭地掩埋 reclaim land from the sea for landfills

購買下列哪一種商品對環境比較友善？

Which of the following products is more environmentally friendly to purchase?

1. ① 用過即丟的商品 disposable products
2. ② 一次性的產品 single-use items
3. ③ 材質可以回收的商品 products with recyclable materials
4. ④ 過度包裝的商品 over-packaged goods

下列何項法規的立法目的為預防及減輕開發行為對環境造成不良影響，藉以達成環境保護之目的？

Which legal regulation aims to prevent and mitigate adverse environmental impacts of development activities to achieve environmental protection purposes?

1. ① 公害糾紛處理法 Public Nuisance Dispute Resolution Act
2. ② 環境影響評估法 Environmental Impact Assessment Act
3. ③ 環境基本法 Basic Environmental Act
4. ④ 環境教育法 Environmental Education Act

下列何種開發行為若對環境有不良影響之虞者，應實施環境影響評估？A.開發科學園區；B.新建捷運工程；C.採礦

Which of the following development activities, if potentially harmful to the environment, should undergo an environmental impact assessment? A. Developing a science park B. Constructing a new metro/rapid transit system C. Mining"

1. ① AB AB
2. ② BC BC
3. ③ AC AC
4. ④ ABC ABC

主管機關審查環境影響說明書或評估書，如認為已足以判斷未對環境有重大影響之虞，作成之審查結論可能為下列何者？

When the competent authority reviews the environmental impact statement or assessment report and determines it is sufficient to conclude there is no significant environmental risk. What review conclusion might be reached?

1. ① 通過環境影響評估審查 approval of the environmental impact assessment review
2. ② 應繼續進行第二階段環境影響評估 proceed to the second-stage environmental impact assessment
3. ③ 認定不應開發 determine that development should not proceed
4. ④ 補充修正資料再審 request supplementary revisions for further review